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In Christ, Mark
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The scriptures. May God bless the reading of His holy word.
The Lord said to Moses, "Speak to the Israelites and say to them: 'These are my appointed feasts, the appointed feasts of the Lord, which you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies.’
Sabbath
‘There are six days when you may work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of rest, a day of sacred assembly. You are not to do any work; wherever you live, it is a Sabbath to the Lord.’
'These are the Lord's appointed feasts, the sacred assemblies you are to proclaim at their appointed times:’
Passover
‘The Lord's Passover begins at twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month. On the fifteenth day of that month, the Lord's Feast of Unleavened Bread begins; for seven days you must eat bread made without yeast. On the first day hold a sacred assembly and do no regular work. For seven days present an offering made to the Lord by fire. And on the seventh day hold a sacred assembly and do no regular work.'”
First Fruits
The Lord said to Moses, "Speak to the Israelites and say to them: 'When you enter the land I am going to give you and you reap its harvest, bring to the priest a sheaf of the first grain you harvest. He is to wave the sheaf before the Lord so it will be accepted on your behalf; the priest is to wave it on the day after the Sabbath. On the day you wave the sheaf, you must sacrifice as a burnt offering to the Lord a lamb a year old without defect, together with its grain offering of two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil—an offering made to the Lord by fire, a pleasing aroma—and its drink offering of a quarter of a hin of wine. You must not eat any bread, or roasted or new grain, until the very day you bring this offering to your God. This is to be a lasting ordinance for the generations to come, wherever you live.’
Feast of Weeks
'From the day after the Sabbath, the day you brought the sheaf of the wave offering, count off seven full weeks. Count off fifty days up to the day after the seventh Sabbath, and then present an offering of new grain to the Lord. From wherever you live, bring two loaves made of two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour, baked with yeast, as a wave offering of firstfruits to the Lord. Present with this bread seven male lambs, each a year old and without defect, one young bull and two rams. They will be a burnt offering to the Lord, together with their grain offerings and drink offerings—an offering made by fire, an aroma pleasing to the Lord. Then sacrifice one male goat for a sin offering and two lambs, each a year old, for a fellowship offering. The priest is to wave the two lambs before the Lord as a wave offering, together with the bread of the firstfruits. They are a sacred offering to the Lord for the priest. On that same day you are to proclaim a sacred assembly and do no regular work. This is to be a lasting ordinance for the generations to come, wherever you live.’
'When you reap the harvest of your land, do not reap to the very edges of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest. Leave them for the poor and the alien. I am the Lord your God.'”
Feast of Trumpets
The Lord said to Moses, "Say to the Israelites: 'On the first day of the seventh month, you are to have a day of rest, a sacred assembly commemorated with trumpet blasts. Do no regular work, but present an offering made to the Lord by fire.'"
Day of Atonement
The Lord said to Moses, "The tenth day of this seventh month is the Day of Atonement. Hold a sacred assembly and deny yourselves, and present an offering made to the Lord by fire. Do no work on that day, because it is the Day of Atonement, when atonement is made for you before the Lord your God. Anyone who does not deny himself on that day must be cut off from his people. I will destroy from among his people anyone who does any work on that day. You shall do no work at all. This is to be a lasting ordinance for the generations to come, wherever you live. It is a sabbath of rest for you, and you must deny yourselves. From the evening of the ninth day of the month until the following evening you are to observe your sabbath."
Feast of the Tabernacles
The Lord said to Moses, "Say to the Israelites: 'On the fifteenth day of the seventh month the Lord's Feast of Tabernacles begins, and it lasts for seven days. The first day is a sacred assembly; do no regular work. For seven days, present offerings made to the Lord by fire, and on the eighth day hold a sacred assembly and present an offering made to the Lord by fire. It is the closing assembly; do no regular work.’
'These are the Lord's appointed feasts, which you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies for bringing offerings made to the Lord by fire—the burnt offerings and grain offerings, sacrifices and drink offerings required for each day. These offerings are in addition to those for the Lord's Sabbaths and in addition to your gifts and whatever you have vowed and all the freewill offerings you give to the Lord.’
'So beginning with the fifteenth day of the seventh month, after you have gathered the crops of the land, celebrate the festival to the Lord for seven days; the first day is a day of rest, and the eighth day also is a day of rest. On the first day, you are to take choice fruit from the trees, and palm fronds, leafy branches and poplars, and rejoice before the Lord your God for seven days. Celebrate this as a festival to the Lord for seven days each year. This is to be a lasting ordinance for the generations to come; celebrate it in the seventh month. Live in booths for seven days: All native-born Israelites are to live in booths so your descendants will know that I had the Israelites live in booths when I brought them out of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.'"
So Moses announced to the Israelites the appointed feasts of the Lord.
Leviticus 23
This ends this reading from God's holy word. Thanks be to God.
In addition to daily standard tabernacle worship practices, the Lord also designated “appointed feasts” which were to be treated by the Israelites as “sacred assemblies.” In Leviticus, chapter 23, we find the Lord detailing the observances.
It’s important to note that all of these feasts have been covered in the scriptures before this point in Leviticus. Specifically, the Sabbath was discussed in length throughout Exodus and was also highlighted in God’s Ten Commandments. The Passover observance was first ordered as the Lord delivered Israel from the oppressive hands of Egypt’s Pharaoh in the twelfth chapter of Exodus. The dedication of first fruits, as well as the Feast of Weeks and Feast of Tabernacles, were introduced in Exodus, chapters 23 and 34. And finally, the Day of Atonement (also known as Yom Kippur) was covered by God earlier in this book in chapter 16.
With all this, Leviticus, chapter 23 becomes a summary of all these sacred assemblies mandated by the Lord, each with their own significant meaning and specific requirements. The only exception to this is the Feast of Trumpets, a single day celebration which involved special sacrifices. We read where it was to occur at the time of every new moon and was marked by the priests blowing trumpets to mark the occasion thus the feast’s title. Of note, the Israelites used the lunar calendar in Old Testament times and so the start of the new moon was seen as the first day of each month.
As we look at our lives in Jesus as Christians today, we can see how much have changed since the days of the Old Testament. For we no longer need to observe special feasts that fell under the Old Testament covenant because in Christ Jesus, God made a new covenant with His creation and it was one for all people, Jew and Gentile. In this new covenant, God took the blood of His Son, the sacrificial Passover Lamb who took away the sin of the world (John 1:29, 1 Corinthians 5:7), and spread it around the doorpost of every heart that believed and trusted in His Son so death would pass over them and they would gain eternal life.
Further, we read in the Gospels of Matthew (26:26-29), Mark (14:22-25), and Luke (22:14-23) as well as in Paul’s first letter to the church in Corinth (11:23-34) that Jesus mandated a new feast for all His disciples – past, present, and future. Given on what was a Passover day more than 2,000 years ago, He commanded that it be observed and followed until the day He returns. It’s a sacred sacrament known as Communion, The Eucharist, or The Lord’s Supper today, one with simple elements representing His body (the bread) and blood (the cup with wine or often grape juice). Through this feast of Jesus, all believers remember Him and the sacrifice He made on Calvary’s cross where His body was broken and His blood shed for all.
Here’s how this is detailed in Matthew’s Gospel:
On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the disciples came to Jesus and asked, "Where do you want us to make preparations for You to eat the Passover?"
He replied, "Go into the city to a certain man and tell him, 'The Teacher says: My appointed time is near. I am going to celebrate the Passover with My disciples at your house.'"
So the disciples did as Jesus had directed them and prepared the Passover.
When evening came, Jesus was reclining at the table with the Twelve.
While they were eating, Jesus took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to His disciples, saying, "Take and eat; this is My body."
Then he took the cup, gave thanks and offered it to them, saying, "Drink from it, all of you. This is My blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. I tell you, I will not drink of this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it anew with you in My Father's kingdom." Matthew 26:17-20, 27-29
As part of God’s final act of atonement, His only Son was sacrificed to purchase the pardon of every sinner who would simply place their belief and trust in Him as Savior. It would be the final sacrifice needed. No more animals would need be killed with their blood sprinkled on altars, later to be burned. Ditto for any grain or drink offerings. None of them were necessary because of the redeeming with of Jesus’ crucifixion and subsequent resurrection.
And so today and in the days to come, as we partake of the Lord’s Supper in our respective churches, let’s all remember our Savior Jesus as He called us to do, never forgetting the immense suffering He went through to buy our pardon with His life and bring us the hope of Heaven.
Let us as well, not just reserve this time of remembrance for formal, corporate observances but keep Christ and the cross at the forefront of our hearts and minds every day, knowing that through Him we have a certain victory over death and Hell that no one can take away.
And one day friends, we will be able to express our thanks to Jesus face to face as we abide with Him in Heaven. What a glorious day that will be, a day of rejoicing for sure!
Amen.
In Christ,
Mark
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